最高人民法院关于民事被告匿不出庭等问题答《人民日报》读者问(节录)

作者:法律资料网 时间:2024-07-12 08:39:30   浏览:9341   来源:法律资料网
下载地址: 点击此处下载

最高人民法院关于民事被告匿不出庭等问题答《人民日报》读者问(节录)

最高人民法院


最高人民法院关于民事被告匿不出庭等问题答《人民日报》读者问(节录)


1951年1月13日,最高人民法院

问:民事被告匿不出庭,怎么办?
答:民事被告匿不出庭,原告可调查被告之确实所在,告知法院。如经法院传唤,被告无正当理由而不到者,法院得强制其到案。如被告所在不明,原告无法调查时,只要被告原有户籍未变,法院可将传票送到被告的原住居所,由其同居亲属代收;无住居所或无亲属代收传票者,原告还可以请求法院公示送达。经过家属代收传票或法院公示送达后,被造逾期仍不到案,法院即可根据一造之声请,以确实的证据,径行缺席判决。
问:关于财产权的诉追案件,被告避不露面,如何能使被告执行法院的判决?
答:关于财产权之诉追案件,被告如避不露面,原告除可请求法院拘提或公示送达、缺席判决外,如查明该被告自己确有财产,亦得请求法院酌将其财产先行扣押,以供判决确定后的强制执行。


下载地址: 点击此处下载

中华人民共和国城镇国有土地使用权出让和转让暂行条例(附英文)

国务院


中华人民共和国城镇国有土地使用权出让和转让暂行条例(附英文)

1990年5月19日,国务院

第一章 总则
第一条 为了改革城镇国有土地使用制度,合理开发、利用、经营土地,加强土地管理,促进城市建设和经济发展,制定本条例。
第二条 国家按照所有权与使用权分离的原则,实行城镇国有土地使用权出让、转让制度,但地下资源、埋藏物和市政公用设施除外。
前款所称城镇国有土地是指市、县城、建制镇、工矿区范围内属于全民所有的土地(以下简称土地)。
第三条 中华人民共和国境内外的公司、企业、其他组织和个人,除法律另有规定者外,均可依照本条例的规定取得土地使用权,进行土地开发、利用、经营。
第四条 依照本条例的规定取得土地使用权的土地使用者,其使用权在使用年限内可以转让、出租、抵押或者用于其他经济活动。合法权益受国家法律保护。
第五条 土地使用者开发、利用、经营土地的活动,应当遵守国家法律、法规的规定,并不得损害社会公共利益。
第六条 县级以上人民政府土地管理部门依法对土地使用权的出让、转让、出租、抵押、终止进行监督检查。
第七条 土地使用权出让、转让、出租、抵押、终止及有关的地上建筑物、其他附着物的登记,由政府土地管理部门、房产管理部门依照法律和国务院的有关规定办理。

登记文件可以公开查阅。

第二章 土地使用权出让
第八条 土地使用权出让是指国家以土地所有者的身份将土地使用权在一定年限内让与土地使用者,并由土地使用者向国家支付土地使用权出让金的行为。
土地使用权出让应当签订出让合同。
第九条 土地使用权的出让,由市、县人民政府负责,有计划、有步骤地进行。
第十条 土地使用权出让的地块、用途、年限和其他条件,由市、县人民政府土地管理部门会同城市规划和建设管理部门、房产管理部门共同拟定方案,按照国务院规定的批准权限报经批准后,由土地管理部门实施。
第十一条 土地使用权出让合同应当按照平等、自愿、有偿的原则,由市、县人民政府土地管理部门(以下简称出让方)与土地使用者签订。
第十二条 土地使用权出让最高年限按下列用途确定:
(一)居住用地七十年;
(二)工业用地五十年;
(三)教育、科技、文化、卫生、体育用地五十年;
(四)商业、旅游、娱乐用地四十年;
(五)综合或者其他用地五十年。
第十三条 土地使用权出让可以采取下列方式:
(一)协议;
(二)招标;
(三)拍卖。
依照前款规定方式出让土地使用权的具体程序和步骤,由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府规定。
第十四条 土地使用者应当在签订土地使用权出让合同后六十日内,支付全部土地使用权出让金。逾期未全部支付的,出让方有权解除合同,并可请求违约赔偿。
第十五条 出让方应当按照合同规定,提供出让的土地使用权。未按合同规定提供土地使用权的,土地使用者有权解除合同,并可请求违约赔偿。
第十六条 土地使用者在支付全部土地使用权出让金后,应当依照规定办理登记,领取土地使用证,取得土地使用权。
第十七条 土地使用者应当按照土地使用权出让合同的规定和城市规划的要求,开发、利用、经营土地。
未按合同规定的期限和条件开发、利用土地的,市、县人民政府土地管理部门应当予以纠正,并根据情节可以给予警告、罚款直至无偿收回土地使用权的处罚。
第十八条 土地使用者需要改变土地使用权出让合同规定的土地用途的,应当征得出让方同意并经土地管理部门和城市规划部门批准,依照本章的有关规定重新签订土地使用权出让合同,调整土地使用权出让金,并办理登记。

第三章 土地使用权转让
第十九条 土地使用权转让是指土地使用者将土地使用权再转移的行为,包括出售、交换和赠与。
未按土地使用权出让合同规定的期限和条件投资开发、利用土地的,土地使用权不得转让。
第二十条 土地使用权转让应当签订转让合同。
第二十一条 土地使用权转让时,土地使用权出让合同和登记文件中所载明的权利、义务随之转移。
第二十二条 土地使用者通过转让方式取得的土地使用权,其使用年限为土地使用权出让合同规定的使用年限减去原土地使用者已使用年限后的剩余年限。
第二十三条 土地使用权转让时,其地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权随之转让。
第二十四条 地上建筑物、其他附着物的所有人或者共有人,享有该建筑物、附着物使用范围内的土地使用权。
土地使用者转让地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权时,其使用范围内的土地使用权随之转让,但地上建筑物、其他附着物作为动产转让的除外。
第二十五条 土地使用权和地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权转让,应当依照规定办理过户登记。
土地使用权和地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权分割转让的,应当经市、县人民政府土地管理部门和房产管理部门批准,并依照规定办理过户登记。
第二十六条 土地使用权转让价格明显低于市场价格的,市、县人民政府有优先购买权。
土地使用权转让的市场价格不合理上涨时,市、县人民政府可以采取必要的措施。
第二十七条 土地使用权转让后,需要改变土地使用权出让合同规定的土地用途的,依照本条例第十八条的规定办理。

第四章 土地使用权出租
第二十八条 土地使用权出租是指土地使用者作为出租人将土地使用权随同地上建筑物、其他附着物租赁给承租人使用,由承租人向出租人支付租金的行为。
未按土地使用权出让合同规定的期限和条件投资开发、利用土地的,土地使用权不得出租。
第二十九条 土地使用权出租,出租人与承租人应当签订租赁合同。
租赁合同不得违背国家法律、法规和土地使用权出让合同的规定。
第三十条 土地使用权出租后,出租人必须继续履行土地使用权出让合同。
第三十一条 土地使用权和地上建筑物、其他附着物出租,出租人应当依照规定办理登记。

第五章 土地使用权抵押
第三十二条 土地使用权可以抵押。
第三十三条 土地使用权抵押时,其地上建筑物、其他附着物随之抵押。
地上建筑物、其他附着物抵押时,其使用范围内的土地使用权随之抵押。
第三十四条 土地使用权抵押,抵押人与抵押权人应当签订抵押合同。
抵押合同不得违背国家法律、法规和土地使用权出让合同的规定。
第三十五条 土地使用权和地上建筑物、其他附着物抵押,应当按照规定办理抵押登记。
第三十六条 抵押人到期未能履行债务或者在抵押合同期间宣告解散、破产的,抵押权人有权依照国家法律、法规和抵押合同的规定处分抵押财产。
因处分抵押财产而取得土地使用权和地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权的,应当依照规定办理过户登记。
第三十七条 处分抵押财产所得,抵押权人有优先受偿权。
第三十八条 抵押权因债务清偿或者其他原因而消灭的,应当依照规定办理注销抵押登记。

第六章 土地使用权终止
第三十九条 土地使用权因土地使用权出让合同规定的使用年限届满、提前收回及土地灭失等原因而终止。
第四十条 土地使用权期满,土地使用权及其地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权由国家无偿取得。土地使用者应当交还土地使用证,并依照规定办理注销登记。
第四十一条 土地使用权期满,土地使用者可以申请续期。需要续期的,应当依照本条例第二章的规定重新签订合同,支付土地使用权出让金,并办理登记。
第四十二条 国家对土地使用者依法取得的土地使用权不提前收回。在特殊情况下,根据社会公共利益的需要,国家可以依照法律程序提前收回,并根据土地使用者已使用的年限和开发、利用土地的实际情况给予相应的补偿。

第七章 划拨土地使用权
第四十三条 划拨土地使用权是指土地使用者通过各种方式依法无偿取得的土地使用权。
前款土地使用者应当依照《中华人民共和国城镇土地使用税暂行条例》的规定缴纳土地使用税。
第四十四条 划拨土地使用权,除本条例第四十五条规定的情况外,不得转让、出租、抵押。
第四十五条 符合下列条件的,经市、县人民政府土地管理部门和房产管理部门批准,其划拨土地使用权和地上建筑物,其他附着物所有权可以转让、出租、抵押:
(一)土地使用者为公司、企业、其他经济组织和个人;
(二)领有国有土地使用证;
(三)具有地上建筑物、其他附着物合法的产权证明;
(四)依照本条例第二章的规定签订土地使用权出让合同,向当地市、县人民政府补交土地使用权出让金或者以转让、出租、抵押所获收益抵交土地使用权出让金。
转让、出租、抵押前款划拨土地使用权的,分别依照本条例第三章、第四章和第五章的规定办理。
第四十六条 对未经批准擅自转让、出租、抵押划拨土地使用权的单位和个人,市、县人民政府土地管理部门应当没收其非法收入,并根据情节处以罚款。
第四十七条 无偿取得划拨土地使用权的土地使用者,因迁移、解散、撤销、破产或者其他原因而停止使用土地的,市、县人民政府应当无偿收回其划拨土地使用权,并可依照本条例的规定予以出让。
对划拨土地使用权,市、县人民政府根据城市建设发展需要和城市规划的要求,可以无偿收回,并可依照本条例的规定予以出让。
无偿收回划拨土地使用权时,对其地上建筑物、其他附着物,市、县人民政府应当根据实际情况给予适当补偿。

第八章 附则
第四十八条 依照本条例的规定取得土地使用权的个人,其土地使用权可以继承。
第四十九条 土地使用者应当依照国家税收法规的规定纳税。
第五十条 依照本条例收取的土地使用权出让金列入财政预算,作为专项基金管理,主要用于城市建设和土地开发。具体使用管理办法,由财政部另行制定。
第五十一条 各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府应当根据本条例的规定和当地的实际情况选择部分条件比较成熟的城镇先行试点。
第五十二条 外商投资从事开发经营成片土地的,其土地使用权的管理依照国务院的有关规定执行。
第五十三条 本条例由国家土地管理局负责解释;实施办法由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府制定。
第五十四条 本条例自发布之日起施行。

INTERIM REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA CONCERNINGTHE ASSIGNMENT AND TRANSFER OF THE RIGHT TO THE USE OF THE STATE-OWNEDLAND IN THE URBAN AREAS

Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)
INTERIM REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA CONCERNING
THE ASSIGNMENT AND TRANSFER OF THE RIGHT TO THE USE OF THE STATE-OWNED
LAND IN THE URBAN AREAS
(Promulgated by Decree No. 55 of the State Council of the People's
Republic of China on May 19, 1990 and effective as of the date of
promulgation)

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
These Regulations are formulated in order to reform the system of using
the State-owned land in the urban areas, rationally develop, utilize and
manage the land, strengthen land administration and promote urban
construction and economic development.
Article 2
The State, in accordance with the principle of the ownership being
separated from the right to the use of the land, implements the system
whereby the right to the use of the State-owned land in the urban areas
may be assigned and transferred, with the exclusion of the underground
resources, the objects buried underground, and the public works. The term
"State-owned land in the urban areas" as used in the preceding paragraph
refers to the land owned by the whole people (hereafter referred to as
"the land") within the limits of cities, county sites, administrative
towns and industrial and mining areas.
Article 3
Any company, enterprise, other organization and individual within or
outside the People's Republic of China may, unless otherwise provided by
law, obtain the right to the use of the land and engage in land
development, utilization and management in accordance with the provisions
of these Regulations.
Article 4
Users of the land who have obtained the right to the use of the land in
accordance with these Regulations may, within the term of land use,
transfer, lease, or mortgage the right to the use of the land or use it
for other economic activities, and their lawful rights and interests shall
be protected by the laws of the State.
Article 5
Users of the land shall, in their activities to develop, utilize and
manage the land, abide by the laws and regulations of the state and may
not jeopardize the interests of the society and the public.
Article 6
The land administrative departments under the people's governments at or
above the county level shall conduct supervision and inspection, according
to law, over the assignment, transfer, lease, mortgage and termination of
the right to the use of the land.
Article 7
The registration of the assignment, transfer, lease, mortgage and
termination of the right to the use of the land and the registration of
the above-ground buildings and other attached objects shall be handled by
the land administration department and housing administration departments
of the government in accordance with the law and the pertinent regulations
of the State Council.
The registration documents shall be made available for public reference.

Chapter II The Assignment of the Right to the Use of the Land
Article 8
The assignment of the right to the use of the land refers to the act of
the State as the owner of the land who, within the term of a certain
number of years, assigns the right to the use of the land to land users,
who shall in turn pay fees for the assignment thereof to the State.
An assignment contract shall be signed for assigning the right to the use
of the land.
Article 9
People's governments at the municipal and county levels shall be in charge
of assigning the right to the use of land, which shall be effected in a
planned, step-by-step way.
Article 10
The land administration departments under the people's governments at the
municipal and county levels shall, in conjunction with the administrative
departments for urban planning and construction and the housing
administration departments, draw up a plan concerning the size and
location, the purposes, the term, and other conditions with respect to the
assigning of the right to the use of the land. The plan shall be submitted
for approval in accordance with the limits of authority for approval as
stipulated by the State Council and shall then be implemented by the land
administration departments.
Article 11
The contract for assigning the right to the use of the land shall be
signed by and between the land administration departments under the
people's governments at the municipal and county levels (hereinafter
referred to as "the assigning party") and the land users in accordance
with the principle of equality, voluntariness and compensation for use.
Article 12
The maximum term with respect to the assigned right to the use of the land
shall be determined respectively in the light of the purposes listed
below:
(1) 70 years for residential purposes;
(2) 50 years for industrial purposes;
(3) 50 years for the purposes of education, science, culture, public
health and physical education;
(4) 40 years for commercial, tourist and recreational purposes; and
(5) 50 years for comprehensive utilization or other purposes.
Article 13
The assignment of the right to the use of the land may be carried out by
the following means:
(1) by reaching an agreement through consultations;
(2) by invitation to bid; or
(3) by auction.
The specific procedures and steps for assigning the right to the use of
the land by the means stipulated in the preceding paragraphs shall be
formulated by the people's government of the relevant province, automonous
region, or municipality directly under the Central Government.
Article 14
The land user shall, within 60 days of the signing of the contract for the
assignment of the right to the use of the land, pay the total amount of
the assignment fee thereof, failing which, the assigning party shall have
the right to terminate the contract and may claim compensation for breach
of contract.
Article 15
The assigning party shall, in compliance with the stipulations of the
contract, provide the right to the use of the land thus assigned, failing
which, the land user shall have the right to terminate the contract and
may claim compensation for breach of contract.
Article 16
After paying the total amount of the fee for the assignment of the right
to the use of the land, the land user shall, in accordance with the
relevant provisions, go through the registration thereof, obtain the
certificate for land use and accordingly the right to the use of the land.
Article 17
The land user shall, in conformity with the stipulations of the contract
for the assignment of the right to the use of land and the requirements of
city planning, develop, utilize and manage the land.
Should any land user fail to develop and utilize the land in accordance
with the period of time specified in the contract and the conditions
therein, the land administration departments under the people's
governments at the municipal and county levels shall make corrections and,
in light of the seriousness of the case, give such penalties as a warning,
a fine or, in an extreme case, withdrawing the right to the use of the
land without compensation.
Article 18
If the land user needs to alter the purposes of land use as stipulated in
the contract for assigning the right to the use of land, he shall obtain
the consent of the assigning party and the approval of the land
administration department and the urban planning department and shall, in
accordance with the relevant provisions in this Chapter, sign a new
contract for assigning the right to the use of the land, readjust the
amount of the assignment fee thereof, and undertake registration anew.

Chapter III The Transfer of the Right to the Use of the Land
Article 19
The transfer of the right to the use of the land refers to the land user's
act of re-assigning the right to the use of the land, including the sale,
exchange, and donation thereof. If the land has not been developed and
utilized in accordance with the period of time specified in the contract
and the conditions therein, the right to the use thereof may not be
transferred.
Article 20
A transfer contract shall be signed for the transfer of the right to the
use of the land.
Article 21
With the transfer of the right to the use of the land, the rights and
obligations specified in the contract for assigning the right to the use
of the land and in the registration documents shall be transferred
accordingly.
Article 22
The land user who has acquired the right to the use of the land by means
of the transfer thereof shall have a term of use which is the remainder of
the term specified in the contract for assigning the right to the use of
the land minus the number of the years in which the original land user has
used the land.
Article 23
With the transfer of the right to the use of the land, the ownership of
the above-ground buildings and other attached objects shall be transferred
accordingly.
Article 24
The owners or joint owners of the above-ground buildings and other
attached objects shall have the right to the use of the land within the
limits of use of the said buildings and objects.
With the transfer of the ownership of the above-ground buildings and other
attached objects by the land users, the right to the use of the land
within the limits of use of the said buildings and objects shall be
transferred accordingly, with the exception of the movables.
Article 25
With respect to the transfer of the right to the use of the land and of
the ownership of the above-ground buildings and other attached objects,
registration for the transfer shall be undertaken in accordance with the
relevant provisions.
Divided transfer of the right to the use of the land and of the ownership
of the above-ground buildings and other attached objects shall be subject
to the approval of the land administration department and the housing
administration departments under the people's governments at the municipal
and county levels, and registration for the divided transfer shall be
undertaken in accordance with the relevant provisions.
Article 26
When the transfer of the right to the use of the land is priced at a level
obviously lower than the prevailing market price, the people's governments
at the municipal and county levels shall have the priority of the purchase
thereof.
When the market price for the transfer of the right to the use of the land
rises to an unreasonable extent, the people's governments at the municipal
and county levels may take necessary measures to cope with it.
Article 27
If, after the transfer of the right to the use of the land, necessity
arises for altering the purposes of land use as stipulated in the contract
for assigning the right to the use of the land, it shall be handled in
accordance with the provisions in Article 18 of these Regulations.

Chapter IV The Lease of the Right to the Use of the Land
Article 28
The lease of the right to the use of the land refers to the act of the
land user as the lessor to lease the right to the use of the land together
with the above-ground buildings and other attached objects to the lessee
for use who shall in turn pay lease rentals to the lessor. If the land has
not been developed and utilized in accordance with the period of time
specified in the contract and the conditions therein, the right to the use
thereof may not be leased.
Article 29
A lease contract shall be signed for leasing the right to the use of the
land by and between the lessor and the lessee.
The lease contract shall not run counter to the laws and regulations of
the State or the stipulations of the contract for assigning the right to
the use of the land.
Article 30
After leasing the right to the use of the land, the lessee must continue
to perform the contract for assigning the right to the use of the land.
Article 31
With respect to the lease of the right to the use of the land together
with the above-ground buildings and other attached objects, the lessee
shall undertake registration in accordance with the relevant provisions.

Chapter V The Mortgage of the Right to the Use of the Land
Article 32
The right to the use of the land may be mortgaged.
Article 33
With the mortgage of the right to the use of the land, the above-ground
buildings and other attached objects thereon shall be mortgaged
accordingly.
With the above-ground buildings and other attached objects, the right to
the use of the land within the limits of use of the said buildings and
objects shall be mortgaged accordingly.
Article 34
A mortgage contract shall be signed for mortgaging the right to the use of
the land by and between the mortgagor and the mortgagee.
The mortgage contract shall not run counter to the laws and regulations of
the State or the stipulations of the contract for assigning the right to
the use of the land.
Article 35
With respect to the mortgage of the right to the use of the land together
with the above-ground buildings and other attached objects, registration
for the mortgage shall be undertaken in accordance with the relevant
provisions.
Article 36
If the mortgagor fails to fulfil liabilities within the prescribed period
of time or declares dissolution or bankruptcy within the term of the
mortgage contract, the mortgagee shall have the right to dispose of the
mortgaged property in accordance with the laws and regulations of the
State and the stipulations of the mortgage contract. With respect to the
right to the use of the land and the ownership of the above-ground
buildings and other attached objects acquired as a result of the disposal
of the mortgaged property, transfer registration shall be undertaken in
accordance with the relevant provisions.
Article 37
The mortgagee shall have the priority of compensation with respect to the
receipts resulting from the disposal of the mortgaged property.
Article 38
If the mortgage is eliminated as a result of the liquidation of
liabilities or for other reasons, procedures shall be undertaken to
nullify the mortgage registration.

Chapter VI The Termination of the Right to the Use of the Land
Article 39
The right to the use of the land terminate for such reasons as the
expiration of the term of use as stipulated in the contract for assigning
the right to the use of the land, the withdrawal of the right before the
expiration, or the loss of the land.
Article 40
Upon expiration of the term of use, the right to the use of the land and
the ownership of the above-ground buildings and other attached objects
thereon shall be acquired by the State without compensation. The land user
shall surrender the certificate for land use and undertake procedures to
nullify the registration.
Article 41
Upon expiration of the term of use, the land user may apply for its
renewal. Where such a renewal is necessary, a new contract shall be signed
in accordance with the provisions in Chapter II of these Regulations and
the land user shall pay the fee for the assignment of the right to the use
of the land and undertake registration.
Article 42
The State shall not withdraw before the expiration of the term of use the
right to the use of the land which the land user acquired in accordance
with the law. Under special circumstances, the State may, based on the
requirements of social public interests, withdraw the right before the
expiration of the term of use in line with the relevant legal procedures
and shall, based on the number of years in which the land user has used
the land and actual state of affairs with respect to the development and
utilization of the land, offer corresponding compensation.

Chapter VII The Allocated Right to the Use of the Land
Article 43
The allocated right to the use of the land refers to the right to the use
of the land which the land user acquires in accordance with the law, by
various means, and without compensation.
The land user referred to in the preceding paragraph shall pay tax for the
use of the land in accordance with the provisions of the Interim
Regulations of the People's Republic of China Concerning the Tax for the
Use of the Land in the Urban Areas.
Article 44
The allocated right to the use of the land may not be transferred, leased,
or mortgaged, with the exception of cases as specified in Article 45 of
these Regulations.
Article 45
On condition that the following requirements are satisfied, the allocated
right to the use of the land and the ownership of the above-ground
buildings and other attached objects may, subject to the approval of the
land administration departments and the housing administration departments
under the people's governments at the municipal and county levels, be
transferred, leased or mortgaged:
(1) the land users are companies, enterprises, or other economic
organizations, or individuals;
(2) a certificate for the use of state-owned land has been obtained;
(3) possessing legitimate certificates of property rights to the above-
ground buildings and other attached objects; and
(4) a contract for assigning the right to the use of land is signed in
accordance with the provisions in Chapter II of these Regulations and the
land user makes up for the payment of the assignment fee to the local
municipal or county people's government or uses the profits resulting from
the transfer, lease or mortgage to pay the assignment fee.
The transfer, lease or mortgage of the allocated right to the use of the
land referred to in the preceding paragraphs shall be handled respectively
in accordance with the provisions in Chapters III, IV and V of these
Regulations.
Article 46
Any units or individuals that transfers, lease or mortgage the allocated
right to the use of the land without authorization shall have their
illegal incomes thus secured confiscated by the land administration
departments under the people's governments at the municipal and county
levels and shall be fined in accordance with the seriousness of the case.
Article 47
If the land user who has acquired the allocated right to the use of the
land without compensation stops the use thereof as a result of moving to
another site, dissolution, disbandment, or bankruptcy or for other
reasons, the municipal or county people's government shall withdraw the
allocated right to the use of the land without compensation and may assign
it in accordance with the relevant provisions of these Regulations.
The municipal or county people's government may, based on the needs of
urban construction and development and the requirements of urban planning,
withdraw the allocated right to the use of the land without compensation
and may assign it in accordance with the relevant provisions of these
Regulations.
When the allocated right to the use of the land is withdrawn without
compensation, the municipal or county people's government shall, in the
light of the actual state of affairs, give due compensation for the above-
ground buildings and other attached objects thereon.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 48
The right to the use of the land may be inherited if it is acquired by
individuals in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations.
Article 49
The land user shall pay tax in accordance with the provisions of the tax
laws and regulations of the State.
Article 50
Fees collected by assigning the right to the use of the land in accordance
with these Regulations shall be included in the fiscal budget and managed
as a special fund, which shall be used mainly for urban construction and
land development. The specific measures for the use and management of the
fund shall be separately prescribed by the Ministry of Finance.
Article 51
The people's governments of various provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, in accordance
with the provisions of these Regulations and with the actual state of
affairs in their respective localities, select as their pilot testing
grounds some of the cities or towns where conditions are relatively ripe.
Article 52
With respect to foreign investors engaging in developing and managing
tracts of land, the administration of the right to the use of the land
shall be effected in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State
Council.
Article 53
The State Administration for Land Uses shall be responsible for the
interpretation of these Regulations; the measures for the implementation
thereof shall be formulated by the people's government of the provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government.
Article 54
These Regulations shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.


安徽省矿山地质环境保护条例

安徽省人大常委会


安徽省人民代表大会常务委员会公告

第 99 号

(2007年6月22日安徽省第十届人民代表大会常务委员会第三十一次会议通过)

  《安徽省矿山地质环境保护条例》已经2007年6月22日安徽省第十届人民代表大会常务委员会第三十一次会议通过,现予公布,自2007年12月1日起施行。
                       安徽省人民代表大会常务委员会
                         二○○七年六月二十二日



安徽省矿山地质环境保护条例

第一章 总  则

  第一条 为了保护和改善矿山地质环境,防治矿山地质灾害、环境污染和生态破坏,保障公共财产和公民生命财产安全,促进经济社会和环境的协调发展,根据有关法律、行政法规,结合本省实际,制定本条例。
  第二条 本条例适用于本省行政区域内矿山地质环境保护活动。
  第三条 矿山地质环境保护应当与开发利用相结合,坚持谁开发谁保护、谁破坏谁治理、谁投资谁受益的原则。
  第四条 县(含县级市,下同)以上人民政府应当加强矿山地质环境保护工作,实行统一规划、防治结合的方针,组织编制矿山地质环境保护规划,并纳入国民经济和社会发展规划。
  第五条 县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门负责本行政区域内矿山地质环境保护的监督管理工作。
  发展改革、建设、水利、农业、林业等有关部门应当按照各自的职责,做好矿山地质环境保护监督管理的相关工作。
  环境保护行政主管部门对本行政区域内环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。
  第六条 鼓励开展矿山地质环境保护的科学技术研究,推广先进的矿山地质环境治理恢复技术和方法,普及矿山地质环境保护的科学技术知识,提高矿山地质环境保护水平。
  第七条 鼓励单位和个人投资矿山地质环境的保护与治理。
  第八条 对在矿山地质环境保护工作中做出显著成绩的单位和个人,由县以上人民政府及其有关部门给予表彰、奖励。

第二章 规  划

  第九条 县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门应当组织开展本行政区域内的矿山地质环境调查。
  被调查的单位和个人应当按照国家和省规定如实向开展矿山地质环境调查的国土资源行政主管部门提供矿山地质环境的相关资料。涉及国家秘密和商业秘密的,国土资源行政主管部门应当保密。
  第十条 省人民政府国土资源行政主管部门应当会同环境保护、发展改革、建设等部门,依据国家有关规定,根据本省实际,利用矿山地质环境调查结果,编制本省矿山地质环境保护规划,报省人民政府批准后公布实施。
  市、县人民政府国土资源行政主管部门应当会同环境保护、发展改革、建设等部门,依据上一级矿山地质环境保护规划,利用矿山地质环境调查结果,编制本行政区域的矿山地质环境保护规划,报本级人民政府批准后公布实施,并报上一级人民政府国土资源行政主管部门备案。
  经批准的矿山地质环境保护规划不得擅自修改。确需修改的,应当报原批准机关批准。
  第十一条 编制矿山地质环境保护规划,应当符合法律、法规的规定,并与土地利用总体规划、矿产资源规划、环境保护规划、地质灾害防治规划、水土保持规划、城市总体规划、村庄和集镇规划等相衔接。
  第十二条 矿山地质环境保护规划应当包括下列主要内容:
  (一)矿山地质环境状况和发展趋势;
  (二)矿山地质环境保护的原则、目标和任务;
  (三)矿山地质环境保护的重点区域;
  (四)矿山地质环境保护措施和治理项目。

第三章 保  护

  第十三条 勘查、开采矿产资源,应当保护矿山地质环境,依法做好水土保持、植被恢复和土地复垦工作。
  第十四条 探矿权人应当按照批准的勘查设计施工,对勘查矿产资源遗留的钻孔、探井、探槽、巷道进行回填、封闭,对形成的危岩、危坡等,采取治理措施,消除安全隐患。
  第十五条 申请开采矿产资源的,采矿权申请人应当委托具有相应地质灾害治理资质的单位编制矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案,报有采矿许可权的国土资源行政主管部门批准。
  已建和在建的矿山企业,未编制矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案的,采矿权人应当编制,并报原采矿许可机关批准后实施。
  第十六条 矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案应当包括下列内容:
  (一)矿山基本情况及地质环境现状;
  (二)开采矿产资源对矿山地质环境可能造成影响的分析、预测、评估;
  (三)矿山地质环境治理措施及保障措施;
  (四)矿山地质环境影响的经济损益分析;
  (五)国家规定的其他内容。
  第十七条 采矿权人扩大开采规模、变更矿区范围或者开采方式的,应当重新编制矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案,并报原批准机关批准。
  第十八条 采矿权人应当按照批准的矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案开采,避免崩塌、滑坡、地裂,防止或者控制地面塌陷等矿山地质灾害事故发生。
  第十九条 开采矿产资源,应当遵守有关环境保护和矿山安全的法律、法规,按照国家有关规定处置开采活动中产生的废水、废气、废渣、废石和尾矿等废弃物。
  第二十条 开采矿产资源,应当依法保护和利用水资源,减少对地表水和地下水水质、水量的影响,防止水污染、水源枯竭和水系破坏。
  第二十一条 在勘查、开采矿产资源过程中,对具有科研和利用价值的地质遗迹、景观以及文物古迹,应当采取保护措施,并及时报告省人民政府国土资源行政主管部门和其他有关部门。

第四章 治  理

  第二十二条 开采矿产资源造成矿山地质环境破坏的,由采矿权人负责治理恢复,治理恢复费用列入生产成本。矿山被批准关闭或者闭坑前,采矿权人应当按照矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案,完成矿山地质环境的治理恢复。
  第二十三条 按照企业所有、政府监管、专户储存、专款专用的原则,建立矿山地质环境治理恢复保证金制度。采矿权人应当按照国家和省有关规定缴存矿山地质环境治理恢复保证金(以下简称保证金)。
  保证金缴存、使用和管理的具体办法,由省人民政府制定。
  第二十四条 采矿权人应当按照矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案确定的矿山地质环境治理措施,对矿山地质环境治理恢复工程进行勘查、设计。矿山地质环境治理恢复工程经勘查、设计后方可施工。矿山地质环境治理恢复工程在施工过程中,应当由相应资质的监理单位实施监理。
  采矿权人不具备治理恢复能力的,应当委托具有相应地质灾害治理工程资质的勘查、设计、施工和监理单位承担矿山地质环境治理恢复业务。
  第二十五条 承担矿山地质环境治理恢复工程的勘查、设计、施工和监理单位,应当根据矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案的要求,按照国家有关标准和技术规范进行矿山地质环境的治理恢复,不得弄虚作假、降低治理恢复质量。
  矿山地质环境治理恢复工程的勘查、设计、施工和监理单位,不得超越资质等级许可的范围或者以其他单位的名义承揽矿山地质环境治理恢复业务;不得允许其他单位以本单位的名义承揽矿山地质环境治理恢复业务。
  第二十六条 矿山地质环境治理过程中,采矿权人或者承担治理责任的单位应当每年将治理情况报告矿山所在地市、县人民政府国土资源行政主管部门。
  第二十七条 矿山地质环境治理恢复应当达到下列主要标准:
  (一)整治被破坏或者废弃的土地,使之恢复到适宜植物生长、水产养殖或者其他可供利用状态;
  (二)整修露天采矿的边坡、断面并实施绿化,无滑坡、崩塌、泥石流等安全隐患;
  (三)采取封闭、充填或者人工放顶等措施,使地下井、巷等采空区达到安全状态;
  (四)处置矿山开采活动中产生的各类废弃物达到国家规定的标准;
  (五)地表水水质得到恢复。
  对具有观赏价值、研究价值的矿山遗迹,鼓励开发为地质地貌景观保护区、旅游区或者矿山公园。
  第二十八条 矿山地质环境治理恢复后,由采矿权人向矿山所在地县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门提出验收申请,由国土资源行政主管部门组织验收。法律、行政法规另有规定的,从其规定。
  矿山地质环境治理恢复工程经验收未达到治理恢复标准的,国土资源行政主管部门责令限期治理。逾期治理仍达不到标准的,由国土资源行政主管部门组织重新治理,治理费用从保证金中列支。保证金不足支付治理恢复费用的,由采矿权人补足。
  第二十九条 本条例实施前已关闭或者废弃的矿山,由矿山所在地市、县人民政府组织对其矿山地质环境进行治理恢复。市、县人民政府可以通过多渠道融资治理已关闭或者废弃的矿山。投资治理已关闭或者废弃的矿山,投资人可以依法享受投资收益,但不得损害他人的合法权益。
  前款规定的已关闭或者废弃的矿山,其地质环境治理恢复工程的勘查、设计、施工和监理,应当由具有相应治理恢复能力或者地质灾害治理工程资质的单位承担。矿山地质环境治理恢复完成后,由矿山所在地县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门组织验收。法律、行政法规另有规定的,从其规定。
  第三十条 因采矿而挖损、塌陷、压占的土地,治理后可用于耕种的,经验收确认后,可以依法折抵建设占用耕地的补偿指标。
  第三十一条 采矿权人按照矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案进行矿山地质环境治理恢复,从废石(矸石)、尾矿中回收矿产品的,可以依法减免矿产资源补偿费。

第五章 监督管理

  第三十二条 县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门应当按照国家规定组织建立本行政区域内地质环境监测网络。
  县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门应当对矿山地质环境实施动态监测,指导、监督采矿权人开展矿山地质环境监测,并将监测情况向社会公告。
  采矿权人应当定期向矿山所在地市或者县人民政府国土资源行政主管部门报告监测情况,如实提交监测资料,接受国土资源行政主管部门的监督检查。
  第三十三条 县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门应当为探矿权人、采矿权人和承担矿山地质环境治理恢复业务的单位提供服务。
  第三十四条 县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门应当加强对采矿权人履行矿山地质环境保护和治理义务情况的监督检查,对违反本条例规定的行为,应当及时予以制止,并采取相应处理措施。
  第三十五条 县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门履行矿山地质环境保护职责时,可以对下列情况进行现场检查:
  (一)矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案确定的治理措施落实情况;
  (二)矿山地质环境监测情况;
  (三)矿山地质环境治理恢复情况。
  第三十六条 开采矿产资源发生破坏矿山地质环境事故,造成或者可能造成重大矿山地质灾害的,采矿权人应当采取应急措施,并立即向当地人民政府或者国土资源行政主管部门报告;当地人民政府或者国土资源行政主管部门应当及时处理。
  第三十七条 县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门应当建立举报制度。任何单位和个人对破坏矿山地质环境的行为或采矿权人不履行矿山地质环境保护和治理义务的行为,均有权向国土资源行政主管部门举报。国土资源行政主管部门应当受理并及时依法调查处理。

第六章 法律责任

  第三十八条 违反本条例规定,县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门在矿山地质环境保护监督管理工作中有下列行为之一的,对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任:
  (一)未按照第十条规定编制矿山地质环境保护规划的;
  (二)未依法批准矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案的;
  (三)未依法组织矿山地质环境治理恢复工程验收的;
  (四)违反监督管理职责的其他行为。
  第三十九条 违反本条例第十四条规定,探矿权人有下列行为之一的,由县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门责令限期改正,给予警告;逾期不改正的,由国土资源行政主管部门采取治理措施,治理费用由探矿权人承担,处5万元以上10万元以下的罚款:
  (一)对勘查矿产资源遗留的钻孔、探井、探槽、巷道未进行回填、封闭的;
  (二)对形成的危岩、危坡未采取治理措施的。
  第四十条 违反本条例第十五条第一款规定,未编制矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案的,由县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门责令限期编制;逾期未编制的,予以警告,可并处5万元以上10万元以下的罚款。
  违反本条例第十五条第二款规定,应当编制矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案而未编制的,由县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门责令限期编制;逾期未编制的,予以警告,可并处5万元以上10万元以下的罚款,但已编制环境影响评价报告书的除外。
  第四十一条 违反本条例第十七条规定,扩大开采规模,未重新编制矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案或者编制的方案未经批准的,由县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门责令限期改正;逾期不改正的,予以警告,可并处2万元以上5万元以下的罚款。
  第四十二条 违反本条例第二十二条规定,开采矿产资源造成矿山地质环境破坏未按期治理的,由县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门责令限期治理恢复;逾期拒不治理或者拒不按照矿山地质环境保护与综合治理方案治理的,处10万元以上50万元以下的罚款;造成严重后果的,吊销采矿许可证。
  第四十三条 违反本条例第二十四条、第二十五条规定,有下列行为之一的,由县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门或者其他部门依据职责责令停止违法行为,对承担矿山地质环境治理恢复业务的勘查、设计、监理单位处合同约定的勘查费、设计费、监理费1倍以上2倍以下的罚款,对承担矿山地质环境治理恢复业务的施工单位处工程价款2%以上4%以下的罚款,并责令停止相应业务,降低相应资质等级;有违法所得的,没收违法所得;情节严重的,吊销相应资质证书;给他人造成损失的,依法承担赔偿责任;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任:
  (一)无相应资质或者超越资质等级许可的范围承揽矿山地质环境治理恢复工程的勘查、设计、施工及监理业务的;
  (二)在矿山地质环境治理恢复工程的勘查、设计、施工以及监理活动中弄虚作假、降低治理恢复工程质量的;
  (三)以其他单位的名义或者允许其他单位以本单位的名义承揽矿山地质环境治理恢复工程的勘查、设计、施工及监理业务的。
  第四十四条 违反本条例第三十二条第三款规定,采矿权人未定期向国土资源行政主管部门报告矿山地质环境监测情况,如实提交监测资料的,由县以上人民政府国土资源行政主管部门责令限期提交;逾期不提交的,予以警告,可并处2000元以上1万元以下的罚款。

第七章 附  则

  第四十五条 本条例自2007年12月1日起施行。